• koko i ka mimi

ʻO nā ʻano pōhaku maʻamau: ʻO nā pōhaku pili i ka maʻi, aia ka magnesium a me ka amonia i kapa ʻia nā pōhaku struvite a me nā pōhaku i hana ʻia mai nā kristal monosodium urate, i kapa ʻia he pōhaku uric acid, pili paha i ka momona a me nā kumu meaʻai. ʻO ke ʻano pōhaku kakaʻikahi he pōhaku cvstine e holo ana i nā ʻohana.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻemi i ka nui o ka paʻakai i kāu ʻai. He aha nā meaʻai nui i ka paʻakai? Manaʻo nā kānaka a pau i ka ʻuala paʻakai a me nā fries Farani. Pono e ʻai ʻia kēlā mau mea. Aia nā huahana ʻē aʻe i paʻakai: nā ʻiʻo sanwiti, nā sopa hiki, nā meaʻai i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a me nā mea inu haʻuki. Lapaʻau Pehea ka maʻamau o nā pōhaku kīkī?

• Struvite: ʻAʻole maʻamau kēia mau pōhaku a ma muli o nā maʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao mimi luna.

Loaʻa nā pōhaku ʻāʻī i nā keiki ma kahi o 5 mau makahiki. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, he mea maʻamau kēia pilikia i nā keiki e alakaʻi ai kekahi mau haukapila i nā keʻena ‘pōhaku’ no nā maʻi pediatric. ʻO ka piʻi ʻana o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i pili i nā kumu he nui, ʻo ka hapa nui e pili ana i nā koho meaʻai. ʻO nā kumu koʻikoʻi ʻelua ʻo ka inu ʻole i ka wai a me ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai nui i ka paʻakai. Pono e ʻai nā keiki i nā ʻuala paʻakai a me nā fries Farani. Aia kekahi mau meaʻai paʻakai ʻē aʻe: nā ʻiʻo sanwiti, nā sopa hiki, nā meaʻai i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a me kekahi mau mea inu haʻuki. Hiki i ka Soda a me nā mea inu ʻono ʻē aʻe ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka pōhaku inā loaʻa lākou i ka syrup kulina fructose kiʻekiʻe. Nānā hope ʻia: 05/27/2022 Nā kumu He aha ka pōhaku ʻaʻai?

• Pono au e lawe i nā huaora a me nā minerala?

Kāohi I kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hapalua miliona mau kānaka e hele i nā keʻena pilikia no nā pilikia maʻi pōhaku. Ua manaʻo ʻia e loaʻa i hoʻokahi o ka ʻumi ka poʻe e loaʻa i ka pōhaku puʻupaʻa i kekahi manawa o ko lākou ola. Hiki i nā keiki ke loaʻa nā pōhaku ʻaʻai? No ke aha e nānā ai nā kauka i nā mea i loko o ka pōhaku? ʻO ka inu ʻana i ka wai e kōkua i ka mālama ʻole ʻana i kāu mimi me nā huahana ʻōpala. ʻOi aku ka paʻa o ka mimi ʻeleʻele, no laila e ʻike ʻia kou mimi he melemele māmā loa e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia inā ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi ʻia ʻoe. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka wai āu e inu ai he wai. Pono ka hapa nui o nā kānaka e inu ma mua o 12 mau aniani wai i ka lā. E kamaʻilio me kekahi kauka mālama ola e pili ana i ka nui o ka wai i kūpono iā ʻoe. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka wai ma mua o ka soda, nā mea inu haʻuki a i ʻole kope/tea. Inā ʻoe e hoʻoikaika kino a i ʻole he wela ma waho, pono ʻoe e inu hou. Pono e kaupalena ʻia ke kō a me ka high-fructose corn syrup i nā mea liʻiliʻi. Nā hōʻailona Ua piʻi ka piʻi ʻana o nā pōhaku kīkī ma ʻAmelika mai 3.8% i ka hopena o nā makahiki 1970 a i 8.8% i ka hopena o nā makahiki 2000. ʻO 10% ka nui o nā pōhaku kīkī i ka makahiki 2013-2014. ʻO ka pilikia o nā pōhaku kīkī ma kahi o 11% i nā kāne a me 9% i nā wahine. ʻO nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e like me ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ka maʻi maʻi, a me ka momona hiki ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia o nā pōhaku kīkī. Ma hope o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana, hiki ke noho ka pōhaku i loko o ka puʻupaʻa a i ʻole hele i lalo o ka ʻāpana mimi i loko o ka ureter. I kekahi manawa, neʻe nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi i waho o ke kino i ka mimi me ka ʻole o ka ʻeha nui. Akā, hiki i nā pōhaku ke neʻe ʻole ke kumu o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka mimi i loko o ka puʻupaʻa, ureter, ka ʻōpū, a i ʻole ka urethra. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka ʻeha. E ʻai i nā huaʻai a me nā lau ʻai, kahi e hoʻemi ai ka mimi. Ke emi mai ka waika o ka mimi, a laila emi paha ka hana ʻana o nā pōhaku. Hoʻopuka ka protein holoholona i ka mimi i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka waika, a laila hiki ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia no nā pōhaku kīkī.

• ʻO ka ʻakika uric: ʻO kēia kekahi ʻano maʻamau o ka pōhaku ʻaʻai. ʻO nā meaʻai e like me ka ʻiʻo ʻōkana a me ka iʻa he kiʻekiʻe ka nui o kahi pūhui kemika kūlohelohe i kapa ʻia ʻo purines. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka purine kiʻekiʻe e alakaʻi i ka hana kiʻekiʻe o ka monosodium urate, a ma lalo o nā kūlana kūpono, hiki ke hana i nā pōhaku i loko o nā puʻupaʻa. ʻO ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o kēia mau ʻano pōhaku e holo i loko o nā ʻohana.

E kākau inoa no ka luʻu hohonu ʻana i nā pōhaku ʻāʻī Nā ʻano ʻO nā kumu e hiki ai ke inu i ka wai liʻiliʻi, hoʻoikaika kino (nui a liʻiliʻi paha), ka momona, ka ʻoki ʻana i ke kaumaha, a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai me ka nui o ka paʻakai a i ʻole ke kō. He mea koʻikoʻi paha ka maʻi maʻi a me ka mōʻaukala ʻohana i kekahi poʻe. ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i ka fructose e pili ana me ka piʻi nui ʻana o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka pōhaku kīkī. Hiki ke loaʻa ka Fructose i ke kōpaʻa pākaukau a me ka syrup kulina fructose kiʻekiʻe. Loaʻa nā ʻōpala like ʻole i loko o ka mimi. Ke nui ka ʻōpala i loko o ka wai liʻiliʻi, hoʻomaka nā kristal e hana. Hoʻokomo nā kristal i nā mea ʻē aʻe a hui pū ʻia e hana i kahi paʻa e ulu nui aʻe ke ʻole ia e hele i waho o ke kino me ka mimi. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, hoʻopau ʻia kēia mau kemika i loko o ka mimi e ka haku chemist o ke kino: ʻo ke kīkī. I ka nui o ka poʻe, ʻo ka lawa ʻana o ka wai e holoi ai iā lākou a i ʻole nā ​​mea kemika ʻē aʻe i loko o ka mimi e hoʻōki i ka hana ʻana o ka pōhaku. ʻO nā kinikona hana pōhaku he calcium, oxalate, urate, cystine, xanthine, a me ka phosphate. Makemake ʻoe e hoʻāʻo e kiʻi i kahi paona maʻamau inā ʻoe ke kaumaha. Akā, ʻo nā meaʻai hoʻoemi paona kiʻekiʻe e komo pū ana me ka nui o ka protein e pili ana i nā holoholona, ​​​​a me nā meaʻai pōʻino hiki ke hoʻohui i ka pilikia o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā pōhaku. Pono ʻoe i ka protein kūpono, akā pono ia i ʻāpana o ka meaʻai kaulike. E ʻimi i ke alakaʻi ʻana mai kahi mea ʻai meaʻai i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai i kahi meaʻai hoʻemi kaumaha a i ʻole kekahi hana ʻai meaʻai e hōʻemi i ka pilikia o nā pōhaku kīkī. ʻO kahi moʻolelo hoʻomanawanui, nā moʻolelo i hōʻole ʻia, a me ka maʻiʻo wikiō nui. Pōhaku Kidney Nā hopena ʻO nā hōʻailona paha kekahi o kēia mau mea: E ʻike i kāu kauka a/a i ʻole kekahi mea ʻai meaʻai i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia e pili ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka meaʻai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka pōhaku a manaʻo paha ʻoe e piʻi aʻe ana ka pilikia no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pōhaku ʻāʻī. No ke alakaʻi iā ʻoe, pono lākou e ʻike i kāu mōʻaukala olakino a me ka meaʻai āu e ʻai ai. Eia kekahi mau nīnau āu e nīnau ai: Hoʻomaka ka ʻeha ʻana o ka pōhaku puʻupaʻa i ka wā e hoʻonāukiuki a paʻa paha. Ke kūkulu wikiwiki nei kēia i ka ʻeha loa. I ka hapanui o nā hihia, hele nā ​​pōhaku kīkī me ka ʻole o ka pōʻino – akā ʻaʻole maʻamau me ka ʻole o ka ʻeha nui. ʻO nā mea hōʻeha ʻeha wale nō paha ka lāʻau e pono ai no nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi. Pono paha nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku hoʻi no kēlā mau pōhaku e hōʻailona mau ai a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia ʻē aʻe. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, akā, pono paha ke ʻoki.

• mimi pilau ʻino a i ʻole ke ʻano opua
• ke kuni a me ke anu

Manaʻo wau he pōhaku koʻu. He aha kaʻu e hana ai? Hoʻolaha ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā pōhaku. Pono ʻoe e ʻike ʻaʻole lawa nā hōʻike lapaʻau i paʻi ʻia e kākoʻo i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mea kanu a mea hoʻohui paha i ka pale ʻana i nā pōhaku.

• Cystine: He kakaikahi kēia mau pōhaku a holo i loko o nā ʻohana. He aha nā pōhaku Cystine?

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i nā pōhaku ʻāʻī he like ia i nā keiki a me nā pākeke. Hiki ke noi ʻia ʻoe e inu nui i ka wai. Ke ho’āʻo nei nā kauka e hoʻokuʻu i ka pōhaku me ke ʻoki ʻole. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻemi ai i ka ʻakika o kāu mimi. Akā, inā nui loa, a inā paha e ālai i ke kahe ʻana o ka mimi, a inā he hōʻailona o ka maʻi, wehe ʻia me ke ʻoki ʻana. ʻEhā ʻano pōhaku. ʻO ke aʻo ʻana i ka pōhaku hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke kumu i loaʻa ai iā ʻoe a pehea e hōʻemi ai i ka pilikia o nā pōhaku hou aʻe. ʻO ka pōhaku maʻamau ka calcium. ʻO ka calcium kahi mea maʻamau o ka meaʻai olakino. Hoʻopau pinepine ka puʻupaʻa i ka calcium ʻaʻole pono ke kino. Hoʻohana pinepine ka poʻe me ka pōhaku i ka nui o ka calcium. Hoʻohui kēia calcium me nā huahana ʻōpala e like me ka oxalate e hana i pōhaku. ʻO ka hui maʻamau i kapa ʻia ʻo calcium oxalate. Hoʻonui nā pōhaku ʻāʻī i ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi kīkī mau. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe hoʻokahi pōhaku, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi pōhaku ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka poʻe i kūkulu i hoʻokahi pōhaku ma kahi o 50% ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kekahi pōhaku i loko o 5 a 7 mau makahiki.

• ʻO ka calcium oxalate: ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau o ka pōhaku ʻekena i hana ʻia i ka wā e hui pū ai ka calcium me ka oxalate i loko o ka mimi. ʻO ka lawa ʻole o ka calcium a me ka inu wai, a me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe, hiki ke kōkua i ko lākou hoʻokumu ʻana.

Inā makemake ʻoe i ʻike hou aku, e ʻoluʻolu e kelepona mai iā mākou.

• ʻoi aʻe ka ʻeha a i ʻole ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū i hele ʻole

• nausea a luaʻi paha

ʻO ka pōhaku kīkī he mea paʻakikī i hana ʻia mai nā kemika i loko o ka mimi. ʻEhā ʻano o nā pōhaku ʻākena: calcium oxalate, uric acid, struvite, a me cystine. Hiki ke mālama ʻia ka pōhaku ʻāʻī me ka shockwave lithotripsy, uteroscopy, percutaneous nephrolithomy a i ʻole nephrolithotripsy. ʻO nā hōʻailona maʻamau e pili ana i ka ʻeha nui ma ke kua lalo, ke koko i loko o kou mimi, nausea, luaʻi, ke kuni a me ke anu, a i ʻole ka mimi e pilau ʻino a nānā ʻia paha ke ao.

Papa helu

Hoʻomaka ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka pōhaku kīkī me ka mōʻaukala olakino, ka hoʻokolokolo kino, a me nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi. E makemake ana kāu mau kauka e ʻike i ka nui a me ke ʻano o nā pōhaku kīkī. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia me ka CT scan hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe mai nā puʻupaʻa a hiki i ka ʻōpū a i ʻole kahi x-ray i kapa ʻia ʻo “KUB x-ray” (kidney-ureter-bladder x-ray) e hōʻike ana i ka nui o ka pōhaku a me kāna. kūlana. Loaʻa pinepine ʻia ka KUB x-ray e nā kauka lapaʻau e hoʻoholo inā kūpono ka pōhaku no ka mālama ʻana i ka nalu haʻalulu. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻāʻo KUB e nānā i kāu pōhaku ma mua a ma hope o ka mālama ʻana, akā makemake ʻia ka CT scan no ka maʻi maʻi. I kekahi poʻe, e kauoha pū nā kauka i kahi pyelogram intravenous a i ʻole lVP, kahi ʻano X-ray kūikawā o ka ʻōnaehana urinary i lawe ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻoinu ʻana i kahi mea pena.

ʻEhā ʻano nui o nā pōhaku.

ʻIkepili ʻO ka lua, e hoʻoholo kāu mau kauka pehea e mālama ai i kāu pōhaku. E loiloi ʻia ke olakino o kou mau puʻupaʻa e nā hoʻāʻo koko a me nā hoʻāʻo mimi. E noʻonoʻo ʻia kou olakino holoʻokoʻa, a me ka nui a me ka wahi o kāu pōhaku. Ua like ka liʻiliʻi o kekahi mau pōhaku ʻaʻai me ke one. Ua like ka nui o kekahi me ka iliili. Ua like ka nui o kekahi me ke kinipopo kolepa! E like me ke kānāwai maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pōhaku, ʻoi aku ka ʻike o nā hōʻailona.

• He aha ka meaʻai e hiki ai ke hoʻomake i ka pōhaku kīkī?

Mai huikau i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pōhaku “calcium”. Loaʻa i nā huahana dairy ka calcium, akā kōkua maoli lākou i ka pale ʻana i nā pōhaku, no ka mea, paʻa ka calcium me ka oxalate ma mua o ke komo ʻana i loko o nā puʻupaʻa. ʻO ka poʻe me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka meaʻai calcium e piʻi aʻe ka pilikia o nā pōhaku ʻeke. Hiki ke hana ʻia ka pōhaku mai ka paʻakai, nā mea ʻino o ka protein, a me ka potassium. ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau o ka pōhaku ʻaʻai he pōhaku calcium oxalate. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hapa nui o nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa i ka wā e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai ka oxalate, kahi huahana o kekahi mau meaʻai, i ka calcium ke hana ʻia ka mimi e nā puʻupaʻa. Hoʻonui ʻia ka oxalate a me ka calcium inā ʻaʻole lawa ka wai o ke kino a nui hoʻi ka paʻakai. Ma muli o nā ho’āʻo koko a me ka mimi, e hoʻoholo kāu kauka i nā ʻano hoʻololi meaʻai e pono ai i kāu hihia.

• He aha nā mea inu e koho maikaʻi iaʻu?

ʻO ka lithotripsy hawewe haʻalulu he hana noinvasive e hoʻohana ana i nā hawewe kani ikaika nui e puhi i nā pōhaku i mau ʻāpana a laila maʻalahi ka hele ʻana i ka mimi. Ma ka ureteroscopy, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi endoscope ma o ka ureter e kiʻi a hoʻopau paha i ka pōhaku. Kakaʻikahi, no nā pōhaku nui a paʻakikī paha, e hoʻohana nā kauka i ka nephrolithotomy / nephrolithotripsy percutaneous.

• ʻeha nui ma kēlā ʻaoʻao kēia ʻaoʻao o kou kua lalo

E ʻike koke i ke kauka. Hiki ke noi ʻia ʻoe e inu i ka wai ʻē aʻe i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻokahe i ka pōhaku i waho o ka mimi. Inā ʻoe e kānana i kou mimi a hiki ke mālama i kahi ʻāpana o ka pōhaku i hala, e lawe mai i kāu kauka. A i ʻole, pono e wehe ʻia ka pōhaku me ka ʻoki ʻana. Ma hope, makemake kāu kauka e ʻimi i ke kumu o ka pōhaku. E nānā ʻia ka pōhaku ma hope o ka puka ʻana mai loko mai o kou kino, a e hoʻāʻo kāu kauka i kou koko no ka calcium, phosphorus a me ka ʻakika uric. Noi mai paha ke kauka e ohi oe i kou mimi no 24 hora e hoao ai no ka calcium a me ka waika uric. Nīnau kekahi limahana mālama ola inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi moʻolelo o nā kūlana olakino e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻomohala i nā pōhaku kīkī. Hiki paha ke nīnau mai ka ʻoihana mālama ola inā he moʻolelo ʻohana kou no nā pōhaku kīkī a e pili ana i nā mea āu e ʻai mau ai. I ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo kino, nānā pinepine ka ʻoihana mālama ola i kou kino. E nīnau mai ke kauka mālama ola iā ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona. Hiki i nā ho’āʻo mimi ke hōʻike inā loaʻa i kāu mimi ke kiʻekiʻe o nā minerale e hana ai i nā pōhaku kīkī. Hiki i nā ho’āʻo ʻana o ka mimi a me ke koko ke kōkua i ke kauka mālama ola kino e ʻike i ke ʻano o nā pōhaku ʻaʻai āu. ʻO ka helu helu helu (CT). Hoʻohana ka CT scans i ka hui pū ʻana o nā x-ray a me ka ʻenehana kamepiula e hana i nā kiʻi o kāu ʻāpana mimi. ʻOiai ke hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nei ka CT scan me ka ʻole o ka ʻano like ʻole e nānā i kāu ʻāpana mimi, hiki i ke kauka mālama ola ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi injection o ka mea hoʻohālikelike. ʻO ka mea ʻokoʻa he mea pena a mea ʻē aʻe paha e maʻalahi ai ka ʻike ʻana i nā hale i loko o kou kino i ka wā o nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi. E moe ana ʻoe ma luna o kahi pākaukau e paheʻe ana i loko o kahi ʻano ʻano tunnel e lawe i nā kukui x. Hiki i ka CT scans ke hōʻike i ka nui a me ka wahi o ka pōhaku puʻupaʻa, inā e ālai ana ka pōhaku i ka ʻāpana mimi, a me nā kūlana i kumu i hana ʻia ai ka pōhaku kīkī.

Nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi

He aha nā hoʻokolohua e hoʻohana ai ka poʻe ʻoihana mālama ola no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā pōhaku maʻi?

nā kūlana e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻomohala i nā pōhaku kīkī. X-ray ʻōpū. ʻO ka x-ray o ka ʻōpū he kiʻi o ka ʻōpū e hoʻohana ana i nā pae haʻahaʻa o ka radiation NIH loulou waho a hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni a i ʻole ma ke kamepiula. Lawe ke kanaka ʻenehana x-ray i ka x-ray o ka ʻōpū ma kahi haukapila a i ʻole ke kikowaena maʻi maʻi waho, a heluhelu ʻia nā kiʻi e kahi mea radiologist. I ka wā o ka x-ray o ka ʻōpū, e moe ʻoe ma luna o ka pākaukau a i ʻole e kū i luna. Na ke kanaka loea x-ray e hoʻonoho i ka mīkini x-ray ma luna a i mua paha o kou ʻōpū a noi iā ʻoe e paʻa i kou hanu i ʻole e pohu ke kiʻi. A laila e noi paha ke ʻenehana x-ray iā ʻoe e hoʻololi i ke kūlana no nā kiʻi hou aʻe. Hiki i nā x-ray o ka ʻōpū ke hōʻike i kahi o nā pōhaku kīkī ma ka ʻāpana mimi. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia nā pōhaku a pau ma ka x-ray o ka ʻōpū.

Nā hoʻokolohua Lab

Hoʻohana ka poʻe ʻoihana mālama ola i kāu mōʻaukala olakino, kahi hoʻokolohua kino, a me nā hoʻokolohua lab a me nā kiʻi kiʻi e ʻike ai i nā pōhaku kīkī. Hoʻohana ka poʻe ʻoihana mālama ola i nā hoʻāʻo kiʻi no ka ʻimi ʻana i nā pōhaku ʻokiʻoki. Hiki i nā ho’āʻo ke hōʻike i nā pilikia i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka pōhaku kīkī, e like me ka paʻa ʻana o ka ʻāpana mimi a i ʻole kahi kīnā hānau. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe i ka anesthesia no kēia mau hoʻokolohua kiʻi. Urinalysis. ʻO ka Urinalysis e hoʻāʻo ana i kāu laʻana mimi. E hōʻiliʻili ʻoe i kahi laʻana mimi ma ke keʻena o ke kauka a i ʻole ma ke keʻena lab, a e hoʻāʻo ka ʻoihana mālama ola i ka hāpana. Hiki i ka mimi ke hōʻike inā he koko ko kāu mimi a me nā minerale hiki ke hana i nā pōhaku ʻeke. ʻO nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a me nā huakini i loko o ka mimi ke manaʻo nei he maʻi ʻeha ʻoe. Hiki i nā ʻoihana mālama ola ke hoʻohana i nā hoʻokolohua lab a i ʻole nā ​​​​kiʻi kiʻi e ʻike ai i nā pōhaku kīkī. Nā hoʻāʻo koko. Hiki i kekahi limahana mālama ola ke lawe i kahi laʻana koko mai iā ʻoe a hoʻouna i ka hāpana i kahi lab e hoʻāʻo ai. Hiki i ka ho’āʻo koko ke hōʻike inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o kekahi mau mineral i loko o kou koko e hiki ai ke alakaʻi i nā pōhaku kīkī.

Pehea e ʻike ai ka poʻe ʻoihana mālama ola i nā pōhaku kīkī?

Nīnau kekahi limahana mālama ola inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi moʻolelo olakino E inu i ka wai a puni ka lā. No ka poʻe me ka mōʻaukala o nā pōhaku kīkī, ʻōlelo pinepine nā kauka i ka inu ʻana i nā wai e hiki ai ke hele ma kahi o 2.1 lita (2 lita) o ka mimi i ka lā. Hiki i kāu kauka ke noi e ana ʻoe i kāu hoʻopuka mimi e ʻike pono e inu ana ʻoe i ka wai.

Nā lāʻau lapaʻau

Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻomalu i ka nui o nā minerala a me nā paʻakai i loko o ka mimi a hiki ke kōkua i ka poʻe i hana i kekahi mau ʻano pōhaku. ʻO ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e kau ʻia e kāu kauka e pili ana i ke ʻano o nā pōhaku kīkī āu i loaʻa ai. Eia kekahi mau laʻana:

ʻO nā pōhaku nui a me nā mea e hōʻailona ai

• E kākau i nā nīnau e nīnau i kāu kauka.
• Lapaʻau lapaʻau. Hiki i kāu kauka ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua ai i ka hele ʻana i kāu pōhaku ʻāʻī. ʻO kēia ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau, i ʻike ʻia he alpha blocker, hoʻomaha i nā ʻiʻo i loko o kāu ureter, e kōkua ana iā ʻoe e hele wikiwiki a me ka ʻeha liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o nā alpha blockers ka tamsulosin (Flomax) a me ka hui pū ʻana o ka lāʻau dutasteride a me tamsulosin (Jalyn).

No nā pōhaku kīkī, aia kekahi mau nīnau maʻamau: ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana i ka maʻi parathyroid gland. Hoʻokumu ʻia kekahi mau pōhaku calcium phosphate e nā ʻeleʻele parathyroid overactive, aia ma nā kihi ʻehā o kou thyroid gland, ma lalo pono o ka ʻāpala a Adamu. Ke hoʻohua nui kēia mau ʻeleʻele i ka hormone parathyroid (hyperparathyroidism), hiki ke piʻi aʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o kou calcium a hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia nā pōhaku kīkī.

• Pōhaku ʻakika uric. Hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i ka allopurinol (Zyloprim, Aloprim) e hoʻemi i ka nui o ka waika uric i kou koko a me ka mimi a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama ai i ka alkaline o kāu mimi. I kekahi mau hihia, hiki i ka allopurinol a me kahi mea hoʻolalelale ke hoʻoheheʻe i nā pōhaku uric acid.
• He aha ke ʻano o ka pōhaku ʻāʻī iaʻu?
• ʻO nā pōhaku Cystine. Me ka ʻōlelo ʻana i kahi meaʻai haʻahaʻa i ka paʻakai a me ka protein, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku e inu ʻoe i nā wai hou aʻe i mea e hoʻonui ai ʻoe i ka mimi. Inā ʻaʻole kōkua ia, hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i kahi lāʻau e hoʻonui ai i ka solubility o ka cystine i kāu mimi.
• Pono au e ʻike i kahi loea? Inā pēlā, uhi maʻamau anei ka ʻinikua i nā lawelawe a kahi loea?

E hoʻomākaukau ana no kāu koho

Hiki ke mālama ʻia e kāu kauka ʻohana nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi ʻaʻole e ālai i kou puʻupaʻa. Akā inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka pōhaku puʻupaʻa nui a loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻeha nui a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia puʻupaʻa, hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi iā ʻoe i ke kauka nāna e mālama i nā pilikia o ka ʻāpana urinary (urologist a nephrologist).

• Loaʻa iaʻu kahi pōhaku ʻāʻī?
• He aha ka nui o ka pōhaku ʻaʻai?
• E koho i ka meaʻai haʻahaʻa i ka paʻakai a me ka protein holoholona. E hoʻemi i ka nui o ka paʻakai āu e ʻai ai a koho i nā kumu protein non-animal, e like me nā legumes. E noʻonoʻo e hoʻohana i kahi pani paʻakai, e like me Mrs. Dash.

E kiʻi i ka ʻike olakino hou loa mai Mayo Clinic i hāʻawi ʻia i kāu pahu pahu.

• E kākau i kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​​​me nā mea i manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole pili i nā pōhaku kīkī.

Hiki mai ka Hyperparathyroidism i kekahi manawa ke puka mai ka ma’i ma’i li’ili’i i loko o kekahi o kou mau ‘a’ai parathyroid a i ‘ole ‘oe e ho’omohala i kekahi ma’i ‘ē a’e e alaka’i ai i kēia mau kini e ho’onui i ka hormone parathyroid. ʻO ka wehe ʻana i ka ulu ʻana mai ka gland e hoʻōki i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā pōhaku kīkī. A i ʻole hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i ka mālama ʻana i ke ʻano e hoʻonui ai i ka homona.

• Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke pale aku i nā pōhaku ʻāʻī i ka wā e hiki mai ana?

Inā noho ʻoe i kahi ea wela a maloʻo a hoʻoikaika pinepine paha ʻoe, pono paha ʻoe e inu i ka wai hou aʻe e hoʻohua ai i ka mimi. Inā māmā a maʻemaʻe kou mimi, ua lawa paha ʻoe i ka wai.

Hoʻololi ka nohona

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i kou pilikia o nā pōhaku kīkī inā ʻoe:

• E ʻai liʻiliʻi i nā meaʻai momona oxalate. Inā makemake ʻoe e hana i nā pōhaku calcium oxalate, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā meaʻai momona i ka oxalates. ʻO kēia mau mea he rhubarb, beets, okra, spinach, Swiss chard, ʻuala, nati, kī, kokoleka, pepa ʻeleʻele a me nā huahana soy.

Hoʻohana ʻo ESWL i nā hawewe kani e hana i nā haʻalulu ikaika (nā nalu haʻalulu) e wāwahi i nā pōhaku i ʻāpana liʻiliʻi hiki ke hele i loko o kāu mimi. ʻO ke kaʻina hana ma kahi o 45 a 60 mau minuke a hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka ʻeha haʻahaʻa, no laila aia paha ʻoe ma lalo o ka sedation a i ʻole ka anesthesia māmā e hōʻoluʻolu iā ʻoe.

• E lawe i ka ʻohana a i ʻole ka hoaaloha, inā hiki, e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo i kāu mea e kūkākūkā ai me kāu kauka.
• Makemake au i ka ʻokiʻoki a i ʻole ke kaʻina hana ʻē aʻe?

ʻO Ultrasound, kahi hoʻāʻo noninvasive wikiwiki a maʻalahi hoʻi e hana, ʻo ia kahi koho kiʻi ʻē aʻe e ʻike ai i nā pōhaku kīkī. Ke hoʻohana nei i kahi ākea e wehe i nā pōhaku. No ka wehe ʻana i kahi pōhaku liʻiliʻi i loko o kāu ʻāʻī a i ʻole ka puʻupaʻa, hiki i kāu kauka ke hāʻawi aku i kahi paipu kukui lahilahi (ureteroscope) i hoʻolako ʻia me ke kiʻi paʻi kiʻi ma o kāu urethra a me ka ʻōpū i kāu ureter.

• E nīnau inā loaʻa kekahi mea āu e hana ai ma mua o kou koho ʻana, e like me ka palena ʻana i kāu ʻai.
• I ka manawa hea i hoʻomaka ai kāu mau hōʻailona?

E ʻimi i nā haʻawina ʻo Mayo Clinic e hoʻāʻo ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou, nā hana a me nā hoʻāʻo i mea e pale ai, ʻike, mālama a mālama paha i kēia maʻi. E kau inoa no ka manuahi a loaʻa i kāu alakaʻi hohonu i E loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻamau i ka wā o ke ʻoki ʻana a noho ʻoe i ka haukapila no hoʻokahi a ʻelua mau lā ke ola ʻoe. Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo i kēia ʻokiʻoki inā ʻaʻole i kūleʻa ʻo ESWL .

• Pōhaku calcium. No ke kōkua ʻana i ka pale ʻana i nā pōhaku calcium mai ka hana ʻana, hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i ka thiazide diuretic a i ʻole ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka phosphate.

He aha kāu e hana ai

No ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no kāu koho:

• Hoʻāʻo mimi. Hōʻike paha ka hōʻike hōʻiliʻili mimi 24-hola e hoʻokaʻawale ana ʻoe i nā minerala hana pōhaku he nui loa a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi loa o nā mea pale pōhaku. No kēia hoʻāʻo ʻana, hiki i kāu kauka ke noi e hana ʻoe i ʻelua hōʻiliʻili mimi i ʻelua mau lā.

Hiki i ka ESWL ke hoʻoulu i ke koko i loko o ka mimi, ka ʻeha ma ke kua a i ʻole ka ʻōpū, ke kahe ʻana o ke koko a puni ka puʻupaʻa a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe e pili ana, a me ka hōʻeha ʻole i ka hele ʻana o nā ʻāpana pōhaku ma ka ʻāpana mimi.

• Aia mahea ka pohaku puupaa?

Lapaʻau

ʻOkoʻa ka mālama ʻana i nā pōhaku kīkī, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka pōhaku a me ke kumu.

• E mālama i ka nui o kāu inu a mimi i loko o kahi manawa 24-hola.
• Pono au e hahai i kekahi mau kapu?

ke olakino digestive, a me nā mea hou loa e pili ana i nā mea hou olakino a me nā nūhou. Hiki iā ʻoe ke wehe i ke kau inoa ʻana i kēlā me kēia

• Nā pōhaku struvite. No ka pale ʻana i nā pōhaku struvite, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo i nā hoʻolālā e mālama i kāu mimi me ka ʻole o ka maʻi bacteria e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi, me ka inu ʻana i nā wai e mālama ai i ka kahe ʻana o ka mimi maikaʻi a me ka haʻalele pinepine ʻana. I nā hihia liʻiliʻi hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻohana lōʻihi ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic i ka hoʻokō ʻana i kēia pahuhopu. No ka laʻana, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i kahi lāʻau antibiotic ma mua a no kekahi manawa ma hope o ke kaʻina hana e mālama ai i kāu mau pōhaku kīkī.

ʻIkepili

Inā kānalua kāu kauka he pōhaku kīkī kou, loaʻa paha iā ʻoe nā hoʻokolohua diagnostic a me nā kaʻina hana, e like me:

• Ka nānā ‘ana i nā pōhaku i hala. Hiki ke noi ʻia ʻoe e mimi i kahi kānana e hopu i nā pōhaku āu e hele ai. E hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o Lab i ke ʻano o kāu mau pōhaku ʻāʻī. Hoʻohana kāu kauka i kēia ʻike no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke kumu o kāu mau pōhaku kīkī a hana i kahi hoʻolālā e pale aku ai i nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa.

Nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi me nā hōʻailona liʻiliʻi

ʻAʻole pono ka hapa nui o nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa liʻiliʻi. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hele i kahi pōhaku liʻiliʻi ma o: Ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā nalu kani e wāwahi i nā pōhaku. No kekahi mau pōhaku kīkī – ma muli o ka nui a me ka wahi – hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo i kahi kaʻina hana i kapa ʻia ʻo extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). manawa.

• E hana i ka papa inoa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā huaora a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe āu e lawe ai.

Kāohi

ʻO ka pale ʻana i nā pōhaku ʻāʻī ke komo pū kekahi o nā loli ola a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau. E noi i kāu kauka no ka hāʻawi ʻana aku i kahi meaʻai meaʻai e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomohala i kahi hoʻolālā ʻai e hōʻemi ai i kou pilikia o nā pōhaku kīkī.

• Makemake au i ka lāʻau no ka mālama ʻana i koʻu maʻi?

E noi i kāu kauka ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i nā mea hoʻohui calcium, no ka mea, ua pili kēia i ka piʻi ʻana o ka maʻi o nā pōhaku kīkī. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia ma ka lawe ʻana i nā mea hoʻohui me nā meaʻai. ʻO nā meaʻai haʻahaʻa i ka calcium hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā pōhaku maʻi i kekahi poʻe. Ma waho aʻe o nā nīnau āu e hoʻomākaukau ai ma mua, mai hoʻokaʻulua e nīnau i nā nīnau ʻē aʻe i kāu manawa i koho ai i ka wā e hiki mai ana iā ʻoe.

• Hoao koko. Hiki i nā ho’āʻo koko ke hōʻike i ka nui o ka calcium a i ʻole ka uric acid i loko o kou koko. ʻO nā hopena hoʻāʻo koko ke kōkua i ka nānā ʻana i ke olakino o kou mau puʻupaʻa a hiki ke alakaʻi i kāu kauka e nānā i nā maʻi olakino ʻē aʻe.

• Ua loaʻa i kekahi o kou ʻohana nā pōhaku ʻaʻai?

• Ka wai inu. ʻO ka inu ʻana i ka nui o 2 a 3 quarts (1.8 a 3.6 lita) i ka lā e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia kāu mimi a hiki ke pale i ka hana ʻana o nā pōhaku. Inā ʻaʻole e haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe, e inu i ka wai – ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka wai – e hana i ka mimi maʻemaʻe a kokoke paha.

ʻO nā pōhaku ʻāʻī i nui loa ʻaʻole hiki ke hele ma luna o lākou iho a i ʻole ke kumu o ke koko, ka pōʻino o ka puʻupaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​​​maʻi maʻi urinary tract e koi aku i ka lāʻau nui. Hiki i nā kaʻina hana ke komo: Ke loaʻa ka pōhaku, hiki i nā mea hana kūikawā ke pahele i ka pōhaku a i ʻole e uhaʻi i ʻāpana e hele i loko o kāu mimi. Hiki i kāu kauka ke kau i kahi paipu liʻiliʻi (stent) i loko o ka ureter e hoʻomaha i ka pehu a hoʻoikaika i ka ho’ōla. Pono paha ʻoe i ka anesthesia maʻamau a kūloko paha i kēia kaʻina hana.

• Loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mea hoʻonaʻauao hiki iaʻu ke lawe pū me aʻu? He aha nā pūnaewele āu e paipai ai?

Kiʻi kiʻi. Hiki i nā ho’āʻo kiʻi kiʻi ke hōʻike i nā pōhaku kiʻi i loko o kāu ʻāpana mimi. Hiki ke hōʻike i nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ka māmā holo kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohana liʻiliʻi ʻia nā hihi X-ʻōpū maʻalahi no ka mea hiki i kēia ʻano hoʻāʻo kiʻi ke poina i nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi.

• Nā mea hōʻeha ʻeha. ʻO ka hele ʻana i kahi pōhaku liʻiliʻi hiki ke hōʻeha i kekahi pilikia. No ka hoʻomaha ʻana i ka ʻeha haʻahaʻa, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo i nā mea hōʻeha ʻeha e like me ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, nā mea ʻē aʻe) a i ʻole naproxen sodium (Aleve).
• Pono au i kahi kipa ukali?

E hoʻomau i ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai waiwai nui o ka calcium, akā e hoʻohana makaʻala me nā mea hoʻohui calcium. ʻAʻohe hopena o ka calcium i ka meaʻai i kou pilikia o nā pōhaku kīkī. E hoʻomau i ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai waiwai nui o ka calcium ke ʻole ke ʻōlelo a ke kauka.

• He aha ka manawa e hiki ai iaʻu ke hoʻomohala hou i ka pōhaku ʻāʻī?

ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana e wehe i nā pōhaku nui loa i loko o ka puʻupaʻa. ʻO ke kaʻina hana i kapa ʻia ʻo percutaneous nephrolithotomy (nef-row-lih-THOT-uh-me) e pili ana i ka wehe ʻana i kahi pōhaku kīkī me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā telescope liʻiliʻi a me nā mea kani i hoʻokomo ʻia ma kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi ma kou kua. Ma waho aʻe o nā hoʻāʻo kiʻi kiʻi, kauoha mau nā kauka i nā hoʻāʻo mimi e kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka pōhaku i loaʻa iā ʻoe a no ke aha ʻoe e kūkulu nei i nā pōhaku. Hiki i kēia ʻike ke kōkua i kāu kauka e aʻo maikaʻi iā ʻoe e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka pale ʻana i nā pōhaku o ka wā e hiki mai ana, wahi a Naim Maalouf, MD, he loea o ka lāʻau kūloko ma UT Southwestern Medical Center ma Dallas. Ma ka liʻiliʻi he 31 pakeneka o ka poʻe i ʻike ʻia me nā pōhaku kīkī e hoʻomohala i kekahi i loko o 10 mau makahiki. (8) Hana ʻia nā pōhaku ʻāʻī me nā minerala a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i loaʻa i loko o ka mimi i hiki ke ʻike ʻia me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana. ʻO nā ʻano ʻano pōhaku ʻaʻai ʻo ia nā pōhaku calcium (ʻo nā pōhaku calcium-oxalate a me nā pōhaku calcium phosphate), nā pōhaku uric acid, nā pōhaku struvite, a me nā pōhaku cystine. ʻO ka mea nui, hiki i ka ho’āʻo urinalysis a me ka moʻomeheu mimi ke haʻi aku i nā kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi, ʻo ia ka pilikia e hoʻoweliweli i ke ola i hui pū ʻia me ka pōhaku ʻāʻī, wahi a Seth K. Bechis, MD, he kaukaʻi o ka urology ma UC San ʻO Diego Health ma Kaleponi. Inā paʻa ka mimi ma hope o ka pōhaku keʻakeʻa i loko o ka ureter, hiki i ka mimi ke lilo i ka maʻi. Hiki i kēia hiʻohiʻona ke hoʻoulu i ka maʻi o ka ʻiʻo o ka puʻupaʻa a i ʻole e laha i ke kahe koko. Hiki i nā kauka ke hana i nā ho’āʻo mimi e pili ana i ka ʻike ʻana i ka pōhaku ʻāʻī: Ho’āʻo pH mimi Hiki ke hoʻoholo i ka pH o ka mimi ma ke ʻano o ka mimi dipstick. (9) Hiki i nā hopena ke kōkua i nā kauka e noʻonoʻo i ke ʻano o ka pōhaku iā ʻoe, wahi a Hashmi. No ka laʻana, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pH kiʻekiʻe he pōhaku struvite ʻoe, e puka mai ana mai nā huahana ʻōpala o ka bacteria, aʻo nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa hiki ke manaʻo ʻia he pōhaku uric acid kāu. (10) Urinalysis With Microscopy No kēia hoʻāʻo ʻana, ʻimi ʻia ka mimi ma lalo o kahi microscope e ʻimi ai i nā kristal i hana ʻia me nā mineral e pili pū ana me nā ʻano ʻano o nā pōhaku kīkī, wahi a Hashmi. Eia kekahi laʻana, hiki ke loaʻa nā kristal uric acid i loko o ka mimi o kekahi me nā pōhaku uric acid. Hiki ke hōʻike ʻia kahi pōhaku calcium oxalate i loko o ka mimi. Hiki i ka mimi me ka microscopy ke kōkua i nā kauka e ʻike i nā hōʻike o ke koko a i ʻole ka maʻi, wahi a Kauka Maalouf. 24-Hour Urine Collection Hana pinepine nā kauka i ka hōʻiliʻili mimi 24-hola, wahi a Maalouf. ʻO ia ke ʻano o ka poʻe maʻi e hōʻiliʻili i kā lākou mimi āpau i loko o kahi pahu ma kahi o 24 mau hola. Manaʻo kekahi mau kauka i ʻelua o kēia mau hoʻokolohua i ʻelua mau lā. Mai kēia ʻano mimi, hiki i nā kauka ke haʻi i ka manaʻo o ka poʻe i ka hana pōhaku. “Ke kapa nei mākou he ʻike pili pōhaku,” wahi a Maalouf. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e ana i nā pae o ka calcium, oxalate, a me ka uric acid, i loaʻa i kekahi ʻano o nā pōhaku kīkī, wahi a Anil Agarwal, MD, he kauka lapaʻau o ka nephrology ma ke Kulanui o Kaleponi San Francisco School of Medicine. Ua ana pū ʻia nā pae o ka citrate (kahi ʻano o ka waikawa citric) a me ka mineral magnesium, ʻo ia mau mea ʻelua e pale aku i nā pōhaku. Hiki i ka ho’āʻo ke kālailai i ka nui o ka sodium i loko o ka mimi, no ka mea, hiki i nā kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻonui i ka nui o ka calcium mimi, kahi e piʻi ai ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka pōhaku. (11) ʻO ka hoʻāʻo hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka pōhaku e nānā i kahi pōhaku i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i waho o ka urethra e hoʻoholo ai i ka mea i hana ʻia ai ka pōhaku, e like me ka calcium oxalate a i ʻole ka uric acid. (3,6) I ka manawa e ʻike ai kāu mea mālama ola i ke kumu e hana ai ʻoe i nā pōhaku, e hāʻawi ʻo ia iā ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka pale ʻana iā lākou. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻololi i kāu meaʻai a me ka lawe ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻAʻohe meaʻai “hoʻokahi-nui-kūpono” no ka pale ʻana i nā pōhaku kīkī. He ʻokoʻa kēlā me kēia kanaka. ʻAʻole paha kāu ʻai e hoʻokumu i kāu mau pōhaku. Akā aia nā hoʻololi meaʻai hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i mea e pale ai i ka hoʻomau ʻana o nā pōhaku.

Hoʻololi ʻai

E inu nui i ka wai i kēlā me kēia lā.

Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka mimi, e ʻōlelo aku kāu kahu mālama ola iā ʻoe e inu ma kahi o 3 lita o ka wai i kēlā me kēia lā. Ua like kēia ma kahi o 3 quarts (ma kahi o ʻumi 10-auneke aniani). He ala maikaʻi kēia e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kou pilikia o ka hana ʻana i nā pōhaku hou. E hoʻomanaʻo e inu hou aku i mea e pani ai i nā wai i nalowale ke hoʻomaha ʻoe mai ka hoʻoikaika kino a i ka wā wela. ʻO nā wai a pau e helu i kāu inu wai. Akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka inu ʻana i nā mea inu ʻaʻohe calorie a haʻahaʻa paha. ʻO ke ʻano o kēia ka palena ʻana i nā mea inu ʻona a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea inu ʻona. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ka nui o kāu inu ʻana i ka lā hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i ka nui o kāu pono e inu e hana ai i 2.5 lita o ka mimi. E hoʻohana i ke kīʻaha ana hale e ana i ka nui o ka wai āu e inu ai no hoʻokahi lā a ʻelua paha. E inu i nā ʻōmole a i ʻole nā ​​kini me nā auneke wai i helu ʻia ma ka lepili. E mālama i kahi moʻolelo, a hoʻohui i nā auneke ma ka hopena o ka lā a i ʻole 24 mau hola. E hoʻohana i kēia huina no ka hōʻoia ʻana e hiki ana ʻoe i ka nui o ka mimi i kēlā me kēia lā ma kahi o 85 auneke (2.5 lita) o ka mimi i kēlā me kēia lā. Manaʻo nā mea mālama ola i ka poʻe i hana i nā pōhaku cystine e inu i ka wai ma mua o nā mea hana pōhaku ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo 4 lita o ka wai e hoʻemi i nā pae cystine i kāu mimi.

E ho’ēmi i ka nui o ka paʻakai i kāuʻai.

ʻO kēia ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka poʻe me ka nui o ka sodium a me ka kiʻekiʻe o ka calcium mimi a i ʻole cystine. Hiki i ka sodium ke hoʻonui i ka calcium mimi a me ka cystine. Hiki i kāu mea mālama ola ke ʻōlelo aku iā ʻoe e pale i nā meaʻai i nui ka paʻakai. Manaʻo nā Centers for Disease Control (CDC) a me nā hui olakino ʻē aʻe e ʻai ʻole ma mua o 2,300 mg o ka paʻakai i kēlā me kēia lā. He kiʻekiʻe ka paʻakai o kēia mau meaʻai a pono e ʻai ʻia me ka liʻiliʻi.

• Kīki (nā ʻano a pau)
• ʻO ka hapa nui o nā meaʻai maloʻo a me nā ʻiʻo, me nā ʻiʻo paʻakai i hoʻōla ʻia, nā ʻiʻo deli (ʻoki anu), nā ʻīlio wela, bratwurst a me nā sausages.
• ʻO nā sopa a me nā mea ʻai
• ʻO nā berena, nā ʻeke, nā ʻōwili a me nā mea i kālua ʻia
• ʻO nā meaʻai paʻakai, e like me nā ʻōpala a me nā pretzels
• ʻO nā ʻaʻahu salakeke i hoʻomoʻa ʻia a me kekahi mau kīʻaha kakahiaka
• ʻO nā ʻoliva a me nā ʻoliva
• ʻO Casseroles, nā meaʻai “hui ʻia” ʻē aʻe, ka pizza a me ka lasagna
• Hiki i ka ʻuala a me ka ʻōmole
• ʻO kekahi mau mea ʻono, ka paʻakai papaʻaina a me nā hui ʻala

E ʻai i ka nui o ka calcium i ʻōlelo ʻia.

Inā ʻoe e lawe i nā mea hoʻopiha calcium, e ʻike pono ʻaʻole ʻoe e loaʻa i ka nui o ka calcium. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia ʻaʻole ʻoe e liʻiliʻi i ka calcium. E kamaʻilio me kāu mea mālama ola a i ʻole mea ʻai meaʻai e pili ana inā makemake ʻoe i nā mea hoʻohui. ʻO nā kumu calcium maikaʻi e koho pinepine ai, ʻo ia ka haʻahaʻa o ka paʻakai. ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea inu me nā meaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā he maʻamau maikaʻi. Nui nā kumu waiu ʻole o ka calcium, e like me ka waiu waiu ʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka calcium. Aia nā koho maikaʻi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi inā ʻae ʻoe i ka waiu. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ka nui o ka calcium mai kāu meaʻai me ka ʻole o nā mea hoʻohui inā ʻoe e ʻai i ʻekolu a ʻehā mau lawelawe o ka meaʻai waiwai nui o ka calcium. Nui nā meaʻai a me nā mea inu he calcium i loko o lākou. ʻO kekahi mau meaʻai a me nā mea inu e maʻalahi ke komo i kēlā me kēia lā me nā meaʻai:

E ʻai nui i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu.

Paipai ʻia ka ʻai ʻana ma ka liʻiliʻi ʻelima o nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu i kēlā me kēia lā no nā poʻe a pau i hana ʻia i nā pōhaku kīkī. ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka potassium, fiber, magnesium, antioxidants, phytate a me citrate, ʻo ia mau mea āpau ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā pōhaku. ʻO ka lawelawe ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi ʻāpana huaʻai a i ʻole hoʻokahi ʻuala a i ʻole hoʻokahi kīʻaha o nā mea kanu maka. No nā mea kanu i hoʻomoʻa ʻia, ʻo ka lawelawe ʻana he ½ kīʻaha. Inā hopohopo ʻoe ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻai i ka nui o nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu, e kamaʻilio me kāu mea mālama ola e pili ana i ka mea e pono ai ʻoe.

E ʻai i nā meaʻai me nā pae oxalate haʻahaʻa.

No nā poʻe maʻi me ka oxalate mimi kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai momona i ka calcium (e ʻike i ka papa ma luna) me nā meaʻai hiki ke hoʻomalu pinepine i ka pae oxalate i kāu mimi. Hoʻomalu ʻia ka oxalate urinary no ka mea ʻo ka ʻai ʻana i ka calcium e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka pae oxalate i kou kino. Akā inā ʻaʻole e hoʻomalu i kāu mimi oxalate, hiki ke noi ʻia ʻoe e ʻai liʻiliʻi i kekahi mau meaʻai kiʻekiʻe-oxalate. Ma kahi kokoke i nā meaʻai mea kanu he oxalate, akā nui nā meaʻai liʻiliʻi. ʻO kēia mau mea he spinach, rhubarb a me nā ʻalemona. ʻAʻole pono e hoʻōki loa i ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai i loaʻa ka oxalate. Pono e hoʻoholo i kēlā me kēia kanaka a hilinaʻi i ke kumu i kiʻekiʻe ai kāu mau oxalate ma kahi mua.

E ʻai liʻiliʻi i ka ʻiʻo.

Inā hana ʻoe i nā pōhaku cystine a i ʻole calcium oxalate a kiʻekiʻe ka waika uric uric, hiki i kāu mea mālama ola ke ʻōlelo iā ʻoe e ʻai i ka protein holoholona. Inā manaʻo kāu mea mālama ola e hoʻonui ana kāu meaʻai i ka pōhaku, e ʻōlelo ʻo ia iā ʻoe e ʻai i ka ʻiʻo, ka iʻa, ka iʻa, ka moa, ka puaʻa, ke keiki hipa, ka ʻiʻo a me ka ʻiʻo pāʻani ma mua o kāu ʻai ʻana i kēia manawa. ʻO ia ke ʻano o ka ʻai ʻana i kēia mau meaʻai i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha ma mua o ʻelua a ʻekolu manawa i ka lā, liʻiliʻi mau manawa i loko o ka pule, a i ʻole ʻai i nā wahi liʻiliʻi ke ʻai ʻoe iā lākou. ʻO ka nui e kaupalena ʻia e pili ana i ka nui o kāu ʻai ʻana i kēia manawa a me ka nui o kāu ʻai ʻana e hoʻopilikia ai i kāu pae uric acid.

Nā lāʻau lapaʻau

ʻAʻole lawa ka hoʻololi ʻana i kāu meaʻai a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka wai e pale ai i ka hana ʻana o nā pōhaku. Hiki i kāu mea mālama ola ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā lāʻau e lawe ai e kōkua i kēia. ʻO ke ʻano o ka pōhaku a me nā ʻano like ʻole o ka mimi āu e kōkua ai i kāu mea mālama ola e hoʻoholo inā makemake ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka lāʻau ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau:

ʻO nā diuretics thiazide

no nā poʻe maʻi i loaʻa nā pōhaku calcium a me nā kiʻekiʻe o ka calcium i kā lākou mimi. Hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻo Thiazides i ka calcium mimi ma ke kōkua ʻana i ka puʻupaʻa e lawe i ka calcium mai ka mimi a hoʻihoʻi i loko o ke kahe koko. I ka lawe ʻana i nā thiazides, pono ʻoe e kaupalena i ka nui o ka paʻakai āu e lawe ai, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia mau lāʻau inā haʻahaʻa ka sodium mimi.

Potasuma citrate

no nā poʻe maʻi me nā pōhaku calcium a me ka citrate mimi haʻahaʻa, a no ka poʻe me ka ʻakika uric a me nā pōhaku cystine. Hoʻemi ʻia ka ʻakika a ʻoi aku ka alkaline o ka mimi (potassium citrate). Kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana i nā pōhaku cystine a me ka uric acid. Hoʻokiʻekiʻe ia i ka pae citrate i loko o ka mimi, e kōkua ana i ka pale ʻana i nā pōhaku calcium.

Allopurinol

ʻōlelo pinepine ʻia no ka gout, ka mea i hana ʻia e ka nui o ka uric acid i loko o ke koko. ʻAʻole hoʻohaʻahaʻa wale ʻo Allopurinol i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka uric acid i loko o ke koko akā i loko o ka mimi, no laila hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia e kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā pōhaku calcium a me ka uric acid.

Acetohydroxamic acid (AHA)

no nā poʻe maʻi e hoʻopuka ana i ka struvite a i ʻole nā ​​pōhaku maʻi. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia mau pōhaku ma muli o nā maʻi maʻi urinary tract (UTI). ʻAʻole maikaʻi ka AHA i ka mimi no ka hana ʻana o nā pōhaku struvite. ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e pale aku ai i nā pōhaku stuvite, ʻo ia ka pale ʻana i nā UTI i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā ʻano bacteria kikoʻī a wehe loa i nā pōhaku me ke ʻoki ʻana.

ʻO nā lāʻau thiol hoʻopaʻa Cystine

Hoʻohana wale ʻia no nā maʻi i hana i nā pōhaku cystine. Hoʻopili kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau (d-penicillamine a i ʻole tiopronin) i ka cystine i loko o ka mimi a hoʻokumu i kahi pūhui ʻaʻole hiki i ka cystine ke crystallize i loko o ka mimi. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia lāʻau i ka wā e hāʻule ai nā hana ʻē aʻe, e like me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka inu wai, ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka paʻakai a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka potassium citrate.

Nā mea hoʻohui vitamina

Pono e hoʻohana pono ʻia no ka mea hiki i kekahi ke hoʻonui i kou pilikia o ka hana ʻana i nā pōhaku kīkī. ʻO kāu mea mālama ola kino a me kahi meaʻai meaʻai paha he kumu maikaʻi ia o ka ʻike e pili ana i nā mea hoʻohui meaʻai ma luna o ke kūʻai.

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